Category Archives: File

Louis Loy – Seattle Merchant’s many trips to China

In June 1895, Louis Loy (Louie Loy)  雷來; 雷 sought approval for a trip to China. He was born in Jung Share (Jung Sea) Village, Sun Ning District, China. His marriage name was Louie Ngee Goon. J. Edgar Mills, wrote to the Chinese Inspector in Spokane, Washington, certifying that he had known Louis Loy for over three years and Louis was doing business in 1891 as Loy On & Co., a Japanese bazar [market], on Pike Street, in the Wa Chong Building.

“Louis Loy (Louie Loy), Affidavit photo,” 1893, CEA case files, RG 85, NARA-Seattle, Louis Loy, Box 908, #7032/999.

William Y. L. Rutherford swore in an affidavit in November 1893 that he had known Louis Loy as a merchant since 1890 in the business of manufacturing and dealing with ladies’ underwear. Since 1891, Louis and his partner, Lou Suie, continued the business under the name of Quong Lee Yuen & Co. The business was in the back of the Chinese grocery, Wa Chong Company. 

In June 1901, W. Y. L. Rutherford and Walter Bernett swore that they had known Louis Loy as a merchant for over ten years. Thomas M. Fisher, Chinese and Immigrant Inspector in Seattle sent a summary of his findings for interviews with Rutherford, M. S. Booth, Walter Burritt, and Alexander Wilson, to the Deputy Collector’s Office in Port Townsend. Booth was a manager at Ballargerin [a downtown Seattle department store] and lived in Seattle for twenty-nine years. Burritt and Wilson both knew Louie Loy for about ten years. Wilson, a merchant, testified that Louis visited Wilson’s store about every third day to buy silk, lace and dress goods for gowns.  Louis Loy’s trip was approved. He traveled to China and returned on 1 July 1901.

In August 1909, Louis Loy applied for a trip to Victoria and Vancouver, British Columbia. He wanted to bring his wife, Leong She, and his minor daughter, Louis Gim Won, back with him.
His witnesses were L.B. Jackson and W. H. Greeley, both employees at Western Dry Goods Company and longtime residents of Seattle. They swore that Louis was a merchant for more than five years at 316 Yesler Way in Seatle and had done no manual labor during the last year. A photo of Louis Loy was attached to the affidavit.

A note at the end of Louis Loy’s interrogation, says, “This applicant is personally known to the examining inspector as a reputable Chinese merchant of this city.” Signed by Henry A. Monroe

A partnership list of Louis Loy & Company as of 8 October 1909 is included in the file.

Louis Loy’s trip to Canada was approved. Louis and Leong She were married at 728 Commonwealth Street, Victoria, B.C. on 19 October 1909 in the Methodist Church by A. E. Roberts, clergyman, with witnesses L. Chewkum, Chan Sui and Maggie Smith.
Louis, his wife, and daughter returned to Seattle on the 20th of October. Louis’ first wife died in 1908. The immigration inspector examined Louis’ marriage license, approved it, and returned it to Louis.  Ah Foon (Woon), Louis’ ten-year-old daughter by his first wife was interrogated. The family was admitted.

In February 1929, Louie Loy submitted a Request for a Return Certificate. He was now sixty-six years old, [his interrogation lists his age as 67] considered a laborer, a peddler selling Chinese pastry. Louis and his second wife, Leung She, had eleven children, all born in the U.S. He provided the names and dates of birth for his children. They were living at Canton Alley in Seattle. Ah Chung owed him $1,000. [Laborers were required to have property or debt of $1,000] Ah Chung was questioned and his testimony agreed with Louie Loy.
 Louis Loy was originally admitted into the United States in 1895 as a returning merchant. He was in China during the original registration period, so he did not have a Certificate of Residence. On each of his trips he used his affidavit to prove his status as a merchant. When he returned from his 1929 trip to China, he received his Certificate of Identity #62558. 

“Louis Loy (Louie Loy), M143 photo,” 1930, CEA case files, RG 85, NARA-Seattle, Louis Loy, Box 908, #7032/999.

 According to his file, Louis Loy’s last trip to China was in March 1931, returning and admitted in January 1932.                                       

The reference sheet in his file lists the names and file numbers for Louis Loy’s wife, two sons, and seven daughters–potentially containing much more information on this family.

Bruce Lee – Forever U.S. Postal Stamp released

Bruce Lee Forever stamp release celebrated at Seattle event, The Seattle Times, Seattle, WA, 18 February 2026

https://www.seattletimes.com/life/culture/bruce-lee-forever-stamp-release-celebrated-at-seattle-event

See this earlier blog entry for more information on Bruce Lee.

Coming soon…

Chinese in Washington: The Legacy of the Chinese Exclusion Act
by Trish Hackett Nicola

Chinese in Washington

The Legacy of the Chinese Exclusion Act

By Trish Hackett Nicola

How the U.S. law targeting Chinese laborers impacted families for generations.

Near the end of the nineteenth century, after the railroads were completed and the gold mines exhausted, an economic downturn stirred up anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States. Capitalizing on this prejudice, the government passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 to limit immigration and naturalization for people of Chinese descent. By 1892, Chinese were required to obtain certificates of residency or identity and carry them at all times. Those who did not could be deported or imprisoned. As the law became stricter, interrogations, affidavits, and Caucasian witnesses were required to prove Chinese people’s right to remain in America. The act wouldn’t be repealed until 1943.

From the National Archives at Seattle, certified genealogist emeritus Trish Hackett Nicola brings to life the case files of Chinese immigrants.

Publication Date: 6th January 2026

Arcadia Publishing

The Chinese Pilots Who Trained in Portland, Oregon in the 1930s

Graduating Class of Chinese Pilots Who Trained in Portland, Oregon in the 1930s

This is a 3-minute video is about the Chinese men and two women who trained to be pilots in the 1930s at the Adcox School in Portland, Oregon. After their training they went to China to fight in the second Sino-Japanese war.

The video is included in the “Roots and Resilience—Chinese American Heritage in Oregon” exhibit at the Museum of Natural and Cultural History at the University of Oregon campus, Eugene, Oregon.

If you are anywhere near Eugene, Oregon, stop by the museum to see the exhibit on the Chinese American Heritage in Oregon. The exhibit is on view until February 2026 at the Museum of Natural and Cultural History at the University of Oregon campus, 15th Avenue, Eugene, Oregon 97403.

To read more about the Chinese pilot training program in Portland, go to:

“I think I am going to fly: Chinese Pilots Trained in Portland During the 1930s,” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 122:4 (Winter 2021), 532-545.




The Chinese Exclusion Act Blog is Ten Years Old!

Vector image by VectorStock / oktamaulana

I started the Chinese Exclusion Act blog in May 2015. It now has 345 posts. About 325 are summaries of Chinese Exclusion Case files housed at the National Archives at Seattle. Some guest bloggers generously shared their family stories. About twenty posts are miscellaneous information including the 2021 potential sale of the National Archives at Seattle facility.

The posts are summaries of Chinese Exclusion Act files at the National Archives at Seattle pertaining to Chinese entering or leaving from Seattle, Port Townsend, and Sumas, Washington; Portland, Oregon; Helena, Montana; Portal, North Dakota; and Vancouver, B.C. Although these files are located in Seattle, the subject of the file may have lived anywhere in the United States. At this point, all but seven states are represented on the blog entries. Missing are Alabama, Delaware, Maine, New Hampshire, New Mexico, South Carolina, and West Virginia. I’ll be adding files from those states in the next few months.

CEA Files Blog Collage

This collage introduces the blog and is a small sample of photos and documents found in the case files. The files usually contain a photo, interviews, affidavits, witness statements and government correspondence. The blog is a good way for researchers to see the types of information available in the case files.

May 2025: Asian American and Pacific Islanders Heritage Month

For more information: “Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month,” National Archives News

Below is a copy of the original Act to designate May of each year as “Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month”

“An Act to designate May of each year as “Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month,” Public Law 102-450, 102d Congress, H.R. 5672, 23 Oct 1992.

Wing Luke Museum Staff visits National Archives at Seattle

Wing Luke Staff at NARA Seattle 14 April 2025

On April 14, 2025, staff from the Wing Luke Museum was treated to a special behind-the-scenes tour of the National Archives at Seattle. During their visit, NARA staff provided an overview of the extensive collection of original historical documents housed at the facility. I had the opportunity to share details about our ongoing indexing project related to the Chinese Exclusion Act (CEA) case files, as well as the CEA blog that highlights summaries from the records. Following the tour, the group explored selected materials from various Record Groups, including notable case files and documents connected to the Chinese Exclusion Act.

The Wing Luke Museum, located in Seattle’s historic Chinatown-International District, is a vibrant art and history museum dedicated to the stories of Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders. Founded in 1967, the museum is a proud Smithsonian Institution affiliate and remains the only community-based museum in the U.S. with a pan-Asian Pacific American focus.